In a significant development, the Republic of Artsakh was dissolved on January 1, 2024, as the region's government formally acknowledged the loss of its 27-year struggle for independence from Azerbaijan. This decision came after a devastating 2023 Azerbaijani military offensive that reclaimed much of Nagorno-Karabakh, which is primarily populated by ethnic Armenians.

The dissolution of Artsakh marked the end of a painful chapter in the region's history, but it also raised concerns about the future of the region's Armenian population, who now face the difficult task of integrating into Azerbaijan.

Armenian exodus from Nagorno-Karabakh

Following the collapse of Artsakh, an exodus of Armenians from the region began, with many fearing persecution or retaliation from Azerbaijani authorities. By the end of 2023, an estimated 160,000 Armenians had fled Nagorno-Karabakh, leaving behind their homes and livelihoods.

International reaction to the dissolution

The dissolution of Artsakh was met with mixed reactions internationally. Some countries, such as Russia and Armenia, expressed regret at the loss of Artsakh's independence, while others, such as Azerbaijan and Turkey, welcomed the development.

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) issued a statement expressing concern about the humanitarian situation in Nagorno-Karabakh and calling for the protection of all civilians. However, the UNSC did not condemn the dissolution of Artsakh or impose any sanctions on Azerbaijan.

The future of Nagorno-Karabakh

The future of Nagorno-Karabakh remains uncertain. Azerbaijani authorities have pledged to integrate the region into Azerbaijan, but there are concerns about the rights of the Armenian minority.

The international community will need to monitor the situation closely and provide support to both Armenians and Azerbaijanis as they work to rebuild their lives and communities.